IR remote/Light you cannot see, flashing/02. Two boards and a remote
Light you cannot see, flashing · 02 of 11

Two boards and a remote

Three receivers, three senders, three remotes. The two boards have the same outline and the same four labels, and SIGNAL does opposite things on each: an output on the TK15, an input on the TK16.

What is in the box

Three TK15 IR Receiver boards, three TK16 IR Remote Sender boards and three remotes with seventeen buttons each. The remotes take two AAA cells each, which are not included. There are no jumper wires in the box.

The two IR boards at an angle, overlapping. Behind, the TK15 IR Receiver: a black board with a gold border, a steel-shielded receiver with an X-shaped window lying flat near the top, its three legs running down to three holes, an LED and a resistor at the top right. In front, the TK16 IR Remote Sender: a clear infrared LED lying flat near the top with a small lens, a transistor and two resistors on the right, an LED and a resistor in the middle. Both have a right-angle four-pin header along the bottom edge.
The TK15 behind, the TK16 in front. Same outline, same header, same mounting holes.

Both boards are 22.4 × 30.4 mm with a right-angle header labelled GND, VCC, NC, SIGNAL, left to right with the parts facing you. GND is the square pad. They fit the same breadboard and the same cable, and they are not interchangeable in a circuit.

Which one does what

Same header, opposite jobs
Board
SIGNAL goes
out of the block
Works
active LOW
Idles
HIGH
One chip, the TSOP18138, does the hard half: it hears a 38 kHz burst, throws the carrier away, and pulls SIGNAL LOW for as long as the burst lasts. Your board reads SIGNAL; the library times the lows. Same outline, same four labels, opposite jobs: a sketch written for one does nothing on the other, with no error anywhere.

The receiver has one chip that already contains the hard half of infrared: it hears the carrier and hands your board a plain digital signal. The sender has two LEDs, a transistor and three resistors, and generates nothing by itself. Every pulse of its carrier comes from your microcontroller.

The remote

Seventeen buttons, speaking NEC, the most common protocol on cheap remotes. It is in the box so you have something to receive before you have anything to send, and a known-good transmitter to test a receiver against.

The numbers its buttons send are this remote's own, not a standard. The remote in the next drawer uses different ones for the same key, which is the subject of codes belong to remotes.

What else you need

A microcontroller board, three jumper wires per block, and the IRremote library by shirriff, z3t0 and ArminJo from the Arduino IDE's Library Manager. MicroPython uses Peter Hinch's micropython_ir instead. Every sketch in this book is an Arduino sketch for an Uno, an ESP32, an ESP32-S3 or a Pico, with a MicroPython twin for the three that run it.

Start with the receiver. Your first key code prints what every button on the remote sends.

When it does not work

Which board is which, without a magnifying glass?

The receiver has a steel box with an X-shaped window near the top; the sender has a small clear block with a lens in it. The back says it outright: TK15 IR RECEIVER or TK16 IR REMOTE SENDER.

The remote does nothing when I press a button

Batteries are not included; it takes two AAA cells. With them in, point a phone camera at the remote's front and press a button: most phone cameras show infrared as a faint flicker, which proves the remote before any board is involved.

Do I need all three of each?

No. One of each builds the link. The spares are for a receiver left in one project for good, and for testing a doubtful board against one you know works.

Can the sender control my television?

Yes, once you have read the television remote's codes with the receiver. Nothing in the kit knows your television's codes and nothing can guess them, which is why this book receives first and sends second.

Where this goes next

Four pins, one chip, and a pull-up resistor nobody can see.

The receiver, pin by pin

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